Seachem

Back Seachem Prime 100ml Skimmer compatible water conditioner     Prime is the complete and concentrated conditioner for both fresh and salt water. It should be the first choice conditioner when setting up a new tank, adding, or changing water. Prime removes chlorine, chloramine and ammonia. Prime converts ammonia into a safe, non-toxic form that is readily removed by the tank’s biofilter. Prime may be used during tank cycling to alleviate ammonia/nitrite toxicity.	Prime 50ml  £4.99
	Prime 100ml  £6.50
	Prime 250ml  £9.99
	Prime 500ml  £17.99
	Prime detoxifies nitrite and nitrate, allowing the biofilter to more efficiently remove them. Prime also promotes the production and regeneration of the natural slime coat. Unlike competing products, Prime is non-acidic and will not impact pH. Prime will not over-activate skimmers. It will also detoxify any heavy metals found in the tap water at typical concentration levels. Use at start-up and whenever adding or replacing water. A 100 mL bottle treats over 1,000 gallons, much more than competing products. Marine and freshwater.
Reef Phytoplankton™ is a concentrated blend of green and brown marine phytoplankton designed to provide the essential fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, amino acids, with biological carotenoids for invertebrate diet. Size ranges from 1-20 μm to feed a broad range of tropical marine aquarium filter feeders and invertebrates. Reef Phytoplankton™ contains a natural source of carotenoids which provides essential proteins as well as a more bioavailable source of pigmentation when compared to other natural sources and synthetic pigments. Carotenoids provide the extra benefit of antioxidant activity.	Reef Phytoplankton 500ml £15.99       In addition, Reef Phytoplankton™ is enhanced to increase the bioavailability of important nutrients such as proteins, lipids, B vitamins, and other organic pigments, thus, corals expend less energy to derive the nutritional benefit. It is blended to contain the proper ratio of fatty acids, carbohydrates, and proteins. Blending phytoplankton yields better nutritional value. Studies * show increased consumption of phytoplankton in filter feeders when using mixed cultures versus a single culture of phytoplankton
Reef Plus™ is a full spectrum reef supplement containing trace elements, vitamins, and amino acids demonstrated to have a positive impact on the growth of corals and other desirable reef creatures. Reef Plus™ is formulated to provide nutrients available from natural tropical reef waters. Contains vitamin B12, vitamin C, thiamine, inositol, choline, iodide, and other essential constituents. Reef Plus™ is nitrate/phosphate free.	Reef Plus 100ml £6.99 Reef Plus 250ml £11.99 Replenishment of a number of trace elements is required to maintain an environment ideal for the growth and reproduction of marine life, but while the importance of trace elements has been recognized by aquarists for many years, the physiological reasons are not fully understood. The chemical elements in seawater are varied, and, likewise their addition to the aquarium in trace quantities has varied effects on a variety of saltwater plant and invertebrate species. In general, though, these elements are important for metabolic processes and pigment formation. Addition of iron, for instance, has been shown to benefit coloring and growth for corals, anenomes, and other photosynthetic animals.
Seachem PH Alert DIRECTIONS: Simply place pH Alert™ visibly anywhere in the aquarium or filter. It’s that easy. No chemicals or test procedures are required. When first put in service, response time will be about 30 minutes. Thereafter, pH shifts will register within ten minutes. The life of the pH Alert™ sensor may vary depending on a variety of tank parameters.	PH Alert £9.99 pH Alert™ is a unique colour device designed to be placed in the aquarium or filter and monitor pH continuously. A sensor changes colour reversibly to alert you shifts to in pH levels between 5.8 and 8.6. Freshwater Only.  Sensor exhaustion is indicated by a visible fading or washing out of sensor colour.
Seachem Ammonia Alert Ammonia Alert™ is an innovative colour device for continuously detecting and monitoring toxic free ammonia. A sensor changes reversibly from yellow to green to blue, relative to the ammonia concentration. No test kits, chemicals, or procedures are needed. The device detects less than 0.05 mg/L (ppm) free ammonia and alerts you to the #1 killer before any sign of stress. It lasts over a year. Marine or freshwater use.	Ammonia Alert £9.99 In the absence of free ammonia the unit will assume a yellow or faint yellow-green colour. It is normal for the dry sensor to have a greenish hue. It may take up to a few days for a dry sensor to equilibrate with the water. No sampling of water, chemicals, or test procedures are required. The presence of the free ammonia is detectable continuously with a response time of about 15 minutes. Response to decreasing ammonia is slower, requiring about 4 hours to go from TOXIC to SAFE on removal of ammonia.
Ammonia Alert and PH Alert Twin Pack Consist of 1 x PH Alert 1 x Ammonia alert Alert twin pack  £14.99
MatrixCarbon MatrixCarbon™ is a truly unique activated carbon. It is formed as a spherical bead for optimum hydrodynamics, and will not pack. It permits maximum water flow and contact with its high density of macroporous binding sites. MatrixCarbon™ has a very low ash content as indicated by its minimal impact on pH. Even when added to distilled water, it does not raise pH above 7.0. While all carbons contain phosphate, regardless of false claims to the contrary, MatrixCarbon™ has the lowest detectable leachable phosphate content of all major carbon brands tested. MatrixCarbon™ outperforms other high grade carbons by at least two-fold when compared for total capacity to remove aquarium organic matter, rate of adsorption, and duration of use.	Matrix Carbon 100ml £7.99 Matrix Carbon 500ml £15.99   250 mL will easily treat 400 L (100 gallons*) for several months. MatrixCarbon™ is very clean and nearly dust free. For best results, MatrixCarbon™ should be placed so as to maximize the flow of water through it. It may be used in a canister filter, chemical filtration module, box filter, or any high flow area of a trickle filter.
Seachem Matrix Matrix™ is a high porosity biomedia that provides efficient biofiltration for the removal of nitrogenous waste. Matrix™ is a porous inorganic solid about 10 mm in diameter. Each liter of Matrix™ provides as much surface (>~700 m2) as 170 liters of plastic balls! Plastic bio-materials provide only external surface area, whereas Matrix™ provides both external and internal macroporous surface area. These macropores are ideally sized for the support of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. This allows Matrix™, unlike other forms of biomedia, to remove nitrate along with ammonia and nitrite, simultaneously and in the same filter. Matrix™ is completely inert and will not breakdown. It need not be replaced. Since the majority of the bacteria are internal, Matrix™ may be rinsed when needed without damaging the filter. Matrix™ is compatible with all types of wet or wet-dry filters	Matrix  250ml £6.99 Matrix 500ml £11.99 Matrix  1000ml £18.99
American Cichlid Salt   American Cichlid Salt  50gm £5.99   American Cichlid Salt  250gm £13.99	American Cichlid Salt™ is a chemically sound blend of salts designed to replicate the natural environment of American cichlids. It contains all physiologically essential elements such as magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, and includes trace components such as iron, aluminium, and iodide. It does not contain harmful or unnecessary ingredients such as nitrates, phosphates, arsenic, lithium, or cadmium.
Marine Buffer™ will safely raise marine pH to 8.3. It will not raise pH above 8.3 even if inadvertently overdosed. Marine Buffer™ is a blended product and is not just sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate, commonly sold as a substitute. Such products can raise pH to dangerous levels if not used properly. Marine Buffer™ contains sodium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and potassium salts of carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, sulfate, and borate.	Seachem Marine Buffer 50gm -£5.99 Seachem Marine Buffer 250gm -£11.99 Total Alkalinity is a measurement of three main ions: carbonate, bicarbonate, and borate. In saltwater, bicarbonate drives the pH toward 7.8, carbonate drives pH toward 9.1, and borate toward 9.5 or more. Because of the chemistry of buffering systems, the closer you get the pH to the pK of a buffering system, the harder it is for the pH to shift. So, if you blend a buffer so that the combined product drives the pH toward 8.3, then the more you use, the more stable the pH becomes. That is the principle behind Marine Buffer™. It is a blended buffer that drives and holds your pH at 8.3 because of the blend. The catch to this seemingly simple solution is that most salt mixes contain substantial amounts of bicarbonate salts. This shifts the pK of the buffering system further towards 7.8, and a buffer that shoots for 8.3 will never quite get there. Thus, the pK of Marine Buffer is actually slightly higher than 8.3 in order to combat the influx of bicarbonate at every water change. Marine Buffer™ was the first buffer on the market which contained borate salts (which make a saltwater buffering system much more stable), and Marine Buffer™ remains the most effective pH buffer on the market for marine aquaria
Discus Buffer™ helps to replicate the ideal Discus environment (low pH & low GH (General Hardness)). Discus Buffer™ will lower pH and keep it lowered. Discus Buffer™ also softens water by precipitating calcium and magnesium. Use Discus Trace™ to restore the proper level of trace elements required by thriving, healthy Discus.	Seachem discus buffer  250gm £9.99     Neutral Regulator™ and Discus Buffer™ can be used in combination to achieve a desired pH when performing water changes or adding top off water. The ratio chart below is designed for r/o water where there is generally no buffering capacity
Brackish Salt™ is a blend of specific salts designed to accurately duplicate the natural environment of live bearing and brackish water fish.	Brackish Salt  300gm £6.99 Unlike other aquarium salts currently available to the hobbyist, Brackish Salt™ is more than just a simple sodium chloride product. These other salts can burn leaves and roots in a planted aquarium. However, Brackish Salt™ does not cause this type of damage, and actually provides many nutrients crucial to healthy plant growth. Dosing of Brackish Salt™ allows for specific duplication of different brackish water environments found worldwide (such as the waters of Sumatra or the waters of Borneo). Brackish Salt™ can also be dosed for general brackish water community aquariums and general freshwater community aquarium. Brackish Salt™ is a safe and effective alternative to the sodium chloride based aquarium salts so prevalent
Neutral Regulator™ adjusts pH to neutral (pH 7.0) from either a low or high pH and maintains it there. It softens water by precipitating calcium and magnesium while removing any chlorine, chloramine, or ammonia. The use of Neutral Regulator™ makes other conditioning unnecessary. To lower pH below 7.0 use Neutral Regulator™ with Acid Regulator™ (or Discus Buffer™). To raise pH above 7.0 use with Alkaline Regulator™. All of these products will enhance and stabilize the freshwater aquarium environment.	Neutral Regulator  50gm £5.99   Neutral Regulator  250gm £9.99     In addition to Neutral Regulator’s™ superior buffering capacity, it will remove chlorine and chloramine, bind ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate, stimulate slime coat production, and buffer the pH to 7.0.
Acid Regulator™ adjusts pH to the acidic range (4.5 – 5.5) and softens water by precipitating calcium and magnesium. Acid Regulator™ supports the establishment of the optimal environment for all acid acclimated species (e.g. neons and other tetras, etc.). For further freshwater environment enhancement, use Fresh Trace™ to restore the proper level of trace elements required by thriving, healthy freshwater community fish.	Seachem Acid Regulator  250gm £9.99   Use 1 level teaspoon (7 g) for every 40 L (10 gallons*) daily until intended pH is reached. Thereafter, use once a month or with water changes as required to maintain pH. To raise pH, use Neutral Regulator™. To target a particular pH use in combination with Neutral Regulator™ following the chart below. This chart assumes the use of unbuffered water (RO or DI). If water is already buffered use the chart as a starting guide. Use Prime® to dechlorinate tap water before doing a water change.
Alkaline Regulator™ adjusts pH to the alkaline range (7.1 – 7.6) and supports the establishment of the optimal environment for all alkaline acclimated species (e.g. bosemani, various rainbows etc.). For further freshwater environment enhancement, use Fresh Trace™ to restore the proper level of trace elements required by thriving, healthy freshwater community fish.	Alkaline Regulator  250gm £13.99 Use 1 level teaspoon (7 g) for every 40 L (10 gallons*) daily until intended pH is reached. Thereafter, use once a month or with water changes as required to maintain pH. To lower pH, use Neutral Regulator™. To target a particular pH use in combination with Neutral Regulator™ following the chart below. This chart assumes the use of unbuffered water (RO or DI). If water is already buffered use the chart as a starting guide. Use Prime® to dechlorinate tap water before doing a water change.
Malawi/Victoria Buffer Product Description Malawi/Victoria Buffer™ is a blend of carbonate salts designed to enhance the natural environment of cichlids by increasing hardness, buffer capacity, and pH. It is formulated to maintain a pH of 7.8–8.4. For optimum replication of the Malawi/Victoria environment.	Directions Use 5 g (1 level teaspoon) for each 40–80 L (10 to 20 gallons*) of water each day until desired pH is attained and maintained. Thereafter, use as required to maintain pH, usually no more than once every two to three weeks. TIPS: It is best to dissolve the buffer in freshwater before use. Use when setting up an aquarium or making water changes and between water changes as needed to maintain pH. Seachem’s Malawi/Victoria Buffer™ is formulated to maintain a pH between 7.8 and 8.4, depending on the amount used.   Malawi / Victoria Buffer  300gm £10.99   Malawi / Victoria Buffer 600gm £17.99
PhosGuard PhosGuard™ rapidly removes phosphate and silicate from marine and freshwater aquaria. It is not recommended for phosphate buffered freshwater. PhosGuard™ is highly porous for high capacity and bead-shaped for optimum water flow. It outperforms all competing products Directions For best results, PhosGuard™ should be placed so as to maximize the flow of water through it. It may be used in a canister filter, box filter, or any high flow area of a trickle filter. In some situations it may be necessary to use in a filter bag. Use 250 mL (~1 cup) for every 300 L (75 gallons*). Leave product in place for 4 days, then test phosphate or silicate concentrations with either MultiTest: Phosphate™ or MultiTest: Silicate™. If the concentration of the component you are trying to decrease has not dropped to around 0.02 mg/L, then replace the PhosGuard™, otherwise leave in place until levels begin to climb again. As long as concentrations remain under control, the product is not exhausted. Each 500 mL of PhosGuard™ treats over 600 L (150 gallons*) (i.e. will remove up to 30 mg/L phosphate in 600 L (150 gallons*) of water, depending on the initial phosphate/silicate concentrations and the current biological load. Over treating is not recommended. PhosGuard™ is not an exchange resin, it does not release anything into the water. It does not leach phosphate or silicate back into the water and may be removed, dried, and returned to service until exhausted. Continuous use of small quantities is better than intermittent use of larger quantities PhosGuard 100ml £6.99 PhosGuard 250ml £11.99 PhosGuard 500ml £16.99
Seachem Cuprisorb CupriSorb™ is a narrow spectrum, synthetic adsorbent based filter material for removing copper and heavy metals from either freshwater or marine water. It extracts all types of copper, including chelated copper, and remains effective until it turns a deep blue-black color. It may be regenerated repeatedly. If placed in continuous service, it will gradually extract even precipitated copper and make invertebrate culture possible in tanks previously heavily treated with copper. CupriSorb™ is a powerful copper specific chelating resin.   Use 500 mL for every 1,200 L (300 gallons*) to remove up to 15,000 mg (12 ppm) of copper. For best results, CupriSorb™ should be placed so as to maximize the flow of water through it. To remove undetectable substrate leaching copper keep CupriSorb™ in use for at least 2 weeks after copper tests report no copper. Use in a canister filter, chemical filtration module, box filter, or any high flow area of a trickle filter. Exhaustion is indicated by a pronounced discoloration of the beads to a deep blue black color. Use MultiTest™ Copper to monitor copper. When exhausted, CupriSorb™ may be discarded or regenerated. Cuprisorb 100ml £12.99 Cuprisorb 250ml £19.99 Cuprisorb 500ml £37.99
Seachem SeaGel SeaGel™ is a blend of MatrixCarbon™ and PhosGuard™. MatrixCarbon™ is an ultracapacity carbon for the removal of organic and color impurities. PhosGuard™ is a powerful remover of phosphate, silicate, toxic metals, and acids. Both components are bead shaped for optimum water flow characteristics and penetration. The components enhance each other and are ideal for reef and marine use. May also be used in freshwater that is not phosphate buffered.   Use 500 mL for each 300–450 L (80–120 gallons*). Use in a filter bag. Rinse in freshwater before use. Use caution, since product will fizz and heat on initial wetting. SeaGel™ will function 3–4 months. May also be used in freshwater that is not phosphate buffered. SeaGel 100ml £6.99 SeaGel 250ml £11.99 SeaGel 500ml £16.99
Seachem De Nitrate denitrate™ is an economical, natural, porous material with a pore distribution and geometry that promotes both aerobic nitrification within the first few millimeters of depth and anaerobic denitrification at the core. The material has a high surface area and supports a high density of bacteria. Although de nitrate™ has capacity to trap nitrate, this, as with other nitrate retaining materials, such as certain zeolites and synthetic resins, is quite limited and the primary mechanism of nitrate removal is anaerobic	De nitrate 250ml £5.99   De nitrate 500ml £9.99   De nitrate 1000ml £16.99   De nitrate 2000ml £29.99 For best results, de*nitrate™ should be placed to assure the flow of water through it, such as in a canister filter, chemical filtration module, or box filter. Flow rate should not exceed 200 L (50 gallons*) per hour. If higher flow rates are unavoidable, use Matrix™ or Pond Matrix™. It is best to rinse off dust before use. Once de*nitrate™ has been in use for several days, nitrate concentrations should start to fall and level off gradually at a concentration of about 4–5 mg/L as nitrate. As long as nitrate concentrations remain under control, the product is not exhausted. Each 500 mL of de*nitrate™ treats about 100–200 L (25–50 gallons*), depending on initial nitrate concentration and the current biological load. Enough should be used to remove nitrate at a rate at least as fast as the rate of formation. If very high nitrates are initially present, they should be brought down to less than 20 mg/L with water changes
Seachem Flourish Excel 250ml Flourish Excel™ is a source of bioavailable organic carbon. All plants require a source of carbon. This is typically obtained from CO2, but, may also be derived from simple organic compounds (such as photosynthetic intermediates). Therefore, one can derive a substantial benefit with the use of Flourish Excel™ either alone or in conjunction with CO2 injection. Flourish Excel™ also has iron reducing properties which promote the ferrous state of iron (Fe+2), which is more easily utilized by plants than ferric iron (Fe+3). Flourish Excel™ is an integral component of Seachem’s plant products and is recommended for use with the entire Flourish™ line as well as our Flourite™ and Onyx Sand™ substrates. Contains no phosphate or nitrate.	Flourish Excel  £8.99
Seachem Garlic Guard 250ml GarlicGuard™ is an appetite/flavour enhancer for freshwater and saltwater fish. GarlicGuard™ will help renew the interest of poor or finicky eaters. GarlicGuard™ contains naturally derived garlic oil. GarlicGuard™ also contains Vitamin C. For use in both freshwater and marine. GarlicGuard™ is reef safe Seachem sells the same garlic extract (with the added value of Vitamin C addition) in an 8 oz bottle for less than half the price of other manufacturers’ 1 oz. bottle! Garlic is safe for all fish and there is no danger of overdose	Garlic Guard 250ml  £9.99
Seachem Flourish Trace 250mlFlourish Trace™ supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated to be necessary for proper plant health and growth (see right panel for signs of deficiencies). Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation. The latter two processes occur more rapidly than with other micronutrients. This makes it important to restore trace elements on a regular basis. Flourish Trace™ may be used alone or in conjunction with Flourish™. Best results are obtained when both are used	Flourish Trace  £8.99
Seachem Discus Trace 250ml Discus Trace™ supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated to be necessary for proper fish health and growth. Unlike terrestrial animals, fish obtain nutrients from both their food and environment. Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation, thus it is important to restore them on a regular basis. Discus Trace™ contains only those elements actually demonstrated to be required by fish	Discus trace £8.99
Fresh Trace™ supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated to be necessary for proper fish health and growth. Unlike terrestrial animals, fish obtain nutrients from both their food and environment. Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation, thus it is important to restore them on a regular basis. Fresh Trace™ contains only those elements actually demonstrated to be required by fish	Fresh trace £10.99   Use 1 capful (5 mL) for every 80 L (20 gallons*) once or twice a week.
Marine Trace™ supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated to be necessary for proper fish health and growth. Unlike terrestrial animals, fish obtain nutrients from both their food and environment. Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation, thus it is important to restore them on a regular basis. Marine Trace™ contains only those elements actually demonstrated to be required by fish.	Marine trace £9.99   Replenishment of a number of trace elements is required to maintain an environment ideal for the growth and reproduction of marine life, but while the importance of trace elements has been recognized by aquarists for many years, the physiological reasons are not fully understood. The chemical elements in seawater are varied, and, likewise their addition to the aquarium in trace quantities has varied effects on a variety of saltwater plant and invertebrate species. In general, though, these elements are important for metabolic processes and pigment formation. Addition of iron, for instance, has been shown to benefit colouring and growth for corals, anenomes, and other photosynthetic animals.
Cichlid Trace™ supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated* to be necessary for proper fish health and growth. Unlike terrestrial animals, fish obtain nutrients from both their food and environment. Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation, thus it is important to restore them on a regular basis. Cichlid Trace™ contains only those elements actually demonstrated* to be required by fish. .	Cichlid trace £9.99   Use 1 capful (5 mL) for every 80 L (20 gallons*) once or twice a week.
Gold Trace™supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated to be necessary for proper fish health and growth. Unlike terrestrial animals, fish obtain nutrients from both their food and environment. Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation, thus it is important to restore them on a regular basis. Gold Trace™ contains only those elements actually demonstrated to be required by fish.	Gold trace £9.99   Use 1 capful (5 mL) for every 80 L (20 gallons*) once or twice a week
Seachem AmGuard 100ml AmGuard™ safely, rapidly and efficiently removes toxic free ammonia. It is safe to use during tank cycling and is ideal for treating unexpected emergency situations. AmGuard™ reacts with free ammonia within minutes and does not alter pH. Ammonia can exist in two forms: free and ionized. It is only the free form that is toxic. Traditional ammonia test kits convert all ammonia to free ammonia by raising pH to 12–14; at this pH AmGuard™ cannot function and thus a false positive reading will result. Use Ammonia Alert™ or MultiTest™: Free & Total Ammonia to directly monitor levels of free ammonia. AmGuard™ also removes chlorine and chloramines	Amguard 100ml  £6.99 Amguard 250ml  £11.99 Amguard 500ml  £16.99
Seachem Stability 100ml Stability™ 100ml  will rapidly and safely establish the aquarium biofilter in freshwater and marine systems, thereby preventing the #1 cause of fish death: "new tank syndrome". Stability™ is formulated specifically for the aquarium and contains a synergistic blend of aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative bacteria which facilitate the breakdown of waste organics, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. Unlike competing products, the bacteria employed by Stability™ are non-sulfur fixing and will not produce toxic hydrogen sulfide. Stability™ is completely harmless to all aquatic organisms as well as aquatic plants, thus there is no danger of over use. Stability™ is the culmination of nearly a decade of research and development and represents the current state of the art in natural biological management.	Stability100ml  £6.50   Stability 250ml  £11.99   Stability 500ml  £18.99
Seachem Clarity 100ml Clarity™ is the ultimate clarifier for both fresh and saltwater. It employs an advanced polymeric flocculating agent that is both reef and plant safe. Clarity™ is the only clarifier on the market that does it all! Clarity™ will clear all types of clouding: bacterial and other biological type blooms, chemical clouding, and particulate clouding (i.e. stirred up gravel bed). When Clarity™ clears up bacterial clouding it helps to accelerate and enhance the colonization of the biological filter by efficiently relocating these natural biofilms to the biosupport media in the filter. Freshwater and Marine. Plant and reef safe.	Clarity 100ml  £6.99   Clarity 250ml  £11.99   Clarity 500ml  £18.99
ParaGuard™ is the only fish and filter safe aldehyde based (10% by weight) parasite control product available. Unlike highly toxic and difficult to use formalin based medications, ParaGuard™ contains no formaldehyde or methanol and will not alter pH. ParaGuard™ employs a proprietary, synergistic blend of aldehydes, malachite green, and fish protective polymers that effectively and efficiently eradicates many ectoparasites on fish (e.g. ich, etc.) and external fungal/bacterial/viral lesions (e.g., fin rot). It is particularly useful in hospital and receiving tanks for new fish and whenever new fish are introduced to a community tank. For use in freshwater or marine.	Para Guard 100ml  £7.49
Replenish™ is a proprietary blend of salts designed to replenish physiologically relevant minerals that are removed by reverse osmosis or deionizing filtration. Replenish™ restores General Hardness (GH) using a balanced blend of both “soft” (sodium, potassium) and “hard” (calcium, magnesium) salts. Restoration of mineral content is essential since a complete lack of minerals will result in osmotic stress in those species whose osmoregulation systems are adapted to a mineralized environment. Severe osmotic stress can result in osmotic shock which will lead to rapid death.	Replenish 100ml  £4.99   Osmotic Stress and Shock Occurs when fish are kept in water with inadequate mineral levels (too high or too low). Osmotic stress affects more seriously fish whose natural habitat is rich in minerals and who are kept in an aquarium with a low mineral level, as osmotic gradients (difference) between the internal fluids of the fish and its surrounding environment (water) increase. Such fish have a less effective osmoregulation than those who are physiologically adapted to water with a low mineral level. That is why they are not able to cope with overloading of osmoregulation. Osmotic shock can be a result of a breakdown in osmoregulation due to inappropriate chemical composition of the water. It can also be caused by increased permeability of the skin resulting from a disease or trauma. Osmoregulation enables fish to maintain the proper balance of salt and water in the body, which is necessary to create optimal conditions for various physiological and biochemical processes. In all fish species osmoregulation developed in a way that enabled them to maintain the proper balance of salt and water in the water with chemical composition found in their natural habitat. If osmoregulation is disturbed due to adverse conditions (osmotic stress) or a sudden change in the chemical composition of water (osmotic shock), fish might not be able to physiologically cope wih it. Chronic osmotic stress can eventually result in fish’s death and osmotic shock can cause death very quickly.